In a policy-based system, a user requests authorization-the act of granting a right or privilege-to perform a privileged operation. In these cases, a policy-based security model, used in addition to the BSD permissions, provides additional important features for your application. Authorization Services can also be used to perform operations as root-also known as the superuser-such as restarting a daemon. For example, you may want to allow only administrators to change application-specific preferences. You may need to protect the user from accidentally making important changes that the underlying BSD security model allows. For example, if you want to create a grades-and-transcripts application, you’ll want teachers and school registrars to use the application, but you may want to restrict the creation of transcripts to just the registrars. There are cases where the BSD security model doesn’t fit situations faced by macOS users.
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Each file system object, such as a file or directory, has an owner and a set of permissions, or attributes, specifying what the owner, one group, and all others are able to do with the object. The underlying BSD portion of the macOS kernel provides a user-and-owner-security model. Scenarios describes different scenarios that use Authorization Services. The Credentials Cache and the Authentication Dialog explains how the Security Server determines whether to display an authentication dialog. The Policy Database explains how the Security Server uses a policy database to make authorization decisions.
#DATABASE APPLICATION FOR MAC HOW TO#
Rights describes how to name your own rights. The Security Server describes how you use Authorization Services in your application to interact with the Security Server. This chapter contains the following sections:Īuthorization provides a conceptual overview of the policy-based authorization used by macOS.Īuthentication describes how authorization uses authentication.
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For definitions of terms, see the Glossary. See Security Overview for a brief introduction to these concepts. You should understand the basics of permissions and ownership in BSD and macOS before reading this chapter. See Authorization Services Tasks for information about using specific Authorization Services functions in your application.
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This chapter covers concepts rather than implementation or programming details. Important: The authorization services API is not supported within an app sandbox because it allows privilege escalation.